Restart vs. Shut-Down vs. Sleep for Windows

Summary

When using your Windows computer, you might have noticed options to “Restart,” “Shut Down,” or “Sleep.” While they might seem similar, they serve different purposes. This guide will help you understand the differences and when to use each option.

Body

Purpose

This article aims to explain the differences between the “Restart,” “Shut Down,” and “Sleep” options on your Windows computer, and guide you on when to use each one.

Target Audience

General Public
Vanderbilt University Community
- Faculty and Staff
- Undergraduate Students
- Graduate and Professional Students

Prerequisites

Any workstation running Windows 10 or 11

Description

Details

Restarting Your Computer:

What It Does: Restarting your computer closes all open programs and completely turns off the operating system. Then, it immediately turns the computer back on.
When to Use It:
- If your computer is running slowly or acting strangely.
- After installing new software or updates.
- To refresh the system and clear temporary files.
- Note: Restarting is often the best choice for troubleshooting because it clears the current state of the software, including any problems that have developed, and allows the system to start fresh.

Shutting Down Your Computer:

What It Does: Shutting down your computer closes all open programs and completely turns off the operating system. The computer stays off until you turn it back on manually.
When to Use It:
- At the end of your workday or when you won’t be using the computer for an extended period.
- To save energy and reduce wear on your computer’s components.
- If you need to move your computer to a different location.
- Note: Shutting down can keep some processes cached, which means it might not resolve certain issues. For troubleshooting, a restart is often more effective.

Putting Your Computer to Sleep:

What It Does: Sleep mode saves your current session (open programs and documents) to memory and puts the computer into a low-power state. The computer can quickly resume full power when you wake it up.
When to Use It:
- If you are stepping away from your computer for a short period.
- To quickly resume your work without going through a full startup.
- To save energy while keeping your session readily available.

Key Differences:

Restart: The computer turns off and then back on automatically.
Shut Down: The computer turns off and stays off until you turn it back on.
Sleep: The computer goes into a low-power state, keeping your session in memory, and can quickly resume when needed.